2013年5月28日 星期二

Cooking pot markets (Ghosh,1998) 摘述

Ghosh, R. A. (1998). Cooking pot markets: an economic model for the trade in free goods and services on the Internet. First Monday, 3 (3-2) Retrieved from: http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/580/501

重點摘述:
(原文) 
There is the first glimpse of a process of give and take, by which people do lots of work on their creations which are distributed not for nothing, but in exchange for things of value.
首先著眼於施與受的過程,人們創作的作品,不是甚麼都沒分配到,而是交換到事情的價值。
(改寫)
There is the first glimpse of a process of give and take, by which people do lots of work on their creations which exchange for happiness of helping others.

(原文) 
Although the connection between giving and taking seems tenuous at best, it is in fact crucial.
雖然在最佳情況下,施與受之間的連接似乎是脆弱的,其實是相當重要的。

(原文) 
Because whatever resources there are on the Net for you to take out, without payment, were all put in by others without payment; the Net's resources that you consume were produced by others for similar reasons - in exchange for what they consumed, and so on. 因為你在網路上免費取用由他人無償貢獻的各種資源,你取用網路資源來自他人生產的作品,交換條件是他人以此類推,取用著網路資源。

(原文) 

So the economy of the Net begins to look like a vast tribal cooking-pot, surging with production to match consumption, simply because everyone understands - instinctively, perhaps - that trade need not occur in single transactions of barter, and that one product can be exchanged for millions at a time.
網路經濟一開始看起來像一個巨大的部落烹飪鍋,湧動著生產,以符合消費,只因為每個人都明白 - 本能,也許是 - 交易不會發生在單一的以貨易貨的交易,一個產品可同時與數百萬產品交換。

(原文) 
So the economy of the Net begins to look like a vast tribal cooking-pot, surging with production to match consumption, simply because everyone understands - instinctively, perhaps - that trade need not occur in single transactions of barter, and that one product can be exchanged for millions at a time.
網路經濟一開始,看起來像一個巨大的部落烹飪鍋,大量洶湧地生產,以符合消費,只因為每個人如本能似的明白 ,也許是 - 交易不會發生在單一的以貨易貨的交易,一個產品可同時與數百萬產品交換。


(原文) 
The common assumption that the Net feels at home with free goods and vague trade because its population is averse to money, altruistic or slightly demented is wrong. 
網民把網路當作在家裡取用免費物品和模糊交易的感覺,因為網民的主流是對錢厭惡、利他或有點瘋狂、錯誤。
註:altruistic sentiment 利他的情操

(原文) 
The cooking-pot model provides a rational explanation for people's motivations to produce and trade in goods and services, where a monetary incentive is lacking. 
烹飪鍋模型為人們的生產和貿易中的商品和服務的動機,提供了一個合理的解釋,在此缺乏以金錢誘因的動機。

(原文) 
The cooking-pot market is not barter, as it does not require individual transactions.
烹飪鍋市場並非以物易物,也不是個別交換。

(原文) 
Every contributor gets much more than a fair return in the form of combined contributions of others. 
在集結眾多貢獻者的形式下,每位貢獻者所獲得的遠超過一個公平回報

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